Past Tense vs Present Perfect

Past tense

The simple past tense, sometimes called the preterite, the past tense is a grammatical tense whose principal function is to place an action or situation in past time.
Examples
*.My father died last year.
*.He lived in Bandung in 1998.
*. I sent you a letter a month ago

Present Perfect

The present perfect is a grammatical combination of the present tense and the perfect aspect that is used to express a past event that has present consequences.
Examples
*. My grand father has just gone away due to an accident.
*. Mr. Pazri is a workaholic, and now he has succeed in his career.
*. Don’t sit on the chair, it has just been painted.